Are my hard drive(s) dying?

[hybrid]

I found the problem, and thankfully it's means my hard drives are not (and aren't likely to become) two expensive doorstops.

 

I got contacted by someone reading this thread, and it turns out that the error codes are related to the drive not understanding SMART commands, because SMART is for some reason disabled at the BIOS level (I don't exactly understand why, but I do have the fix).

 

If anyone else experiences this behaviour, this is how I fixed it.

 

I rebooted and headed into the BIOS setup and found an option called 'Hard Drive SMART Enabled', which was turned off. Turning that option on, saving the BIOS settings and rebooting means the errors no longer appear. Yay! :)